dc.contributor.advisor | Marggraf, Rainer Prof. Dr. | |
dc.contributor.author | Gonzalez Gamboa, Vladimir | |
dc.date.accessioned | 2014-03-03T10:18:11Z | |
dc.date.available | 2014-03-03T10:18:11Z | |
dc.date.issued | 2014-03-03 | |
dc.identifier.uri | http://hdl.handle.net/11858/00-1735-0000-0022-5E49-D | |
dc.identifier.uri | http://dx.doi.org/10.53846/goediss-4388 | |
dc.identifier.uri | http://dx.doi.org/10.53846/goediss-4388 | |
dc.language.iso | eng | de |
dc.rights.uri | http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/ | |
dc.subject.ddc | 630 | de |
dc.title | Social Network Patterns of Sharing Information on Land Use and Agricultural Innovations in Ethnically Heterogeneous Communities in Ecuador | de |
dc.type | doctoralThesis | de |
dc.contributor.referee | Faust, Heiko Prof. Dr. | |
dc.date.examination | 2013-07-05 | |
dc.description.abstracteng | A case study in South Ecuador serves as an example to understand the dynamics
of adoption of agroforestry species. Agroforestry species become
important in land that is totally devoid of forest cover. They can reduce
soil degradation, increase local biodiversity and at the same time increase
household income. Their use can be seen as a new practice that spreads
throughout a region by means of social networks. Sharing information
about this potentially sustainable agricultural innovation has become important
in a region like southern Ecuador. In this region there are mainly
two ethnic groups, namely the Saraguro and the Mestizo-colonos. In the
first group are indigenous people and the latter are migrants from other
places of the country that went to settle the region during the agrarian
reform. The two ethnic groups do have different traditions and land use
practices.
Qualitative research shows that there are potential differences in adoption
of agroforestry tree species between two ethnic groups. The low adoption
rate of Saraguro communal leaders may be an indicator of lower contagion
than Mestizo-colonos. Contagion refers to actor i adopting the same
innovation as actor j with whom actor i had contacted. It is proposed
a heterogeneous diffusion model that addresses network exposure effects
and a generalized blockmodel for relational data analysis. It was first hypothesized
that the Saraguro indigenous group may have lower access to
the information necessary for the adoption of the innovation than Mestizo-
Colonos. Nonetheless, the results show that Mestizo-colonos have higher
adoption rate than Saraguros.
The network actors’ behaviour is shaped by local characteristics, for instance
their ethnicity. For the analysis it was taken into account the search
for advice for the main agricultural activities for the household. On this
base, it is proved that indeed there are structural differences on search for
advice between ethnic groups. By analyzing ethnic subgroups, the subgroup
of Mestizo-colonos has the actors with highest degree of centrality
and betweenness. These actors are in the highest cohesive block in cohesive
block analysis. Furthermore, a high Burt’s constraint shows that low
access to structural holes in the network create a differentiation of information
sharing between groups. Higher Burt’s constraint indicates less access
to the information located in other clusters in the network. The periphery
of the network plays an important role as a source of advice, as shown
by cohesive bloc analysis, which we complement with a k-core analysis.
The k-core analysis suggests that different and more diverse information is
accessed by Mestizo-colonos as compared to Saraguros. In applied terms
this suggests that Saraguros tend to share more similar information within
their group than do Mestizo-colonos.
In order to understand patterns of network structure the Exponential Random
Graph Models (ERGM) become important. For example, ERGMs
help to valuate the importance of reciprocity in the network relations depending
on how many reciprocal dyads are found in the observed network.
Fitting an exponential random graph model (ERGM) to the network, it is
shown that indeed there are differences between two ethnic groups in the
way they share information. We explore the network patterns in the sharing
on agroforestry species. Sharing information with similar others is
limited to the less commercial tree species. The most commercial tree
species information is concentrated in one actor, who is Mestizo-colono.
Transitive network effects are identified within ethnic groups as long as
they share information on different tree species (others than pine). The
two ethnic groups share information of different tree species. This shows
a different knowledge, where Mestizo-colonos are more related with commercial
species. | de |
dc.contributor.coReferee | Kurz, Karin Prof. Dr. | |
dc.subject.eng | Social Network Analysis | de |
dc.subject.eng | Ecuador Ethnic Groups | de |
dc.subject.eng | Diffusion of Agricultural Information | de |
dc.identifier.urn | urn:nbn:de:gbv:7-11858/00-1735-0000-0022-5E49-D-2 | |
dc.affiliation.institute | Fakultät für Agrarwissenschaften | de |
dc.subject.gokfull | Land- und Forstwirtschaft (PPN621302791) | de |
dc.identifier.ppn | 779737814 | |