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Akute Auswirkungen transkranieller Gleichstromstimulation auf Parameter kortikaler Erregbarkeit

dc.contributor.advisorNitsche, Michael Prof. Dr.de
dc.contributor.authorSturhan, Cornelia-Carmende
dc.date.accessioned2013-01-14T15:27:40Zde
dc.date.available2013-01-30T23:50:52Zde
dc.date.issued2012-07-16de
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/11858/00-1735-0000-000D-EFE2-3de
dc.identifier.urihttp://dx.doi.org/10.53846/goediss-1571
dc.description.abstractHintergrund: Ein Verfahren, um kortikale Erregbarkeit und Aktivität zu verändern besteht in der transkraniellen Stimulation des Motorkortex mit schwachem Gleichstrom (tDCS). Dabei erhöht anodale und reduziert kathodale Stimulation mit tDCS über dem primärmotorischen Kortex dessen Exzitabilität. Pharmakologisch wurde bereits die Abhängigkeit der durch kurz andauernde Stromstimulation bedingten Effekte von der Aktivität der Natrium- und Calciumkanäle identifiziert. Auf dieser Grundlage wurden in dieser Arbeit die genaueren neurophysiologischen Zusammenhänge mit der Frage nach dem Ursprung der Erregbarkeitsänderungen während tDCS untersucht. Methoden: Abhängig vom Untersuchungsprotokoll wurden die Versuche an 12- 20 Probanden durchgeführt. tDCS erfolgte wiederholt für eine Dauer von 4 Sekunden. Die Exzitabilitätsänderungen wurden mittels transkranieller Magnestimulation (TMS) erfasst. In verschiedenen Protokollen wurden die Exzitabilität des kortikospinalen Kerngebietes durch die Bestimmung der motorischen Schwellen, die Aktivität größerer Neuronenpopulationen durch die Bestimmung der Rekrutierungskurve,de
dc.format.mimetypeapplication/pdfde
dc.language.isogerde
dc.rights.urihttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/de
dc.titleAkute Auswirkungen transkranieller Gleichstromstimulation auf Parameter kortikaler Erregbarkeitde
dc.typedoctoralThesisde
dc.title.translatedAcute effects of transcranial direct current stimulation on cortical excitability parametersde
dc.contributor.refereeHülsmann, Michael Prof. Dr.de
dc.date.examination2012-07-24de
dc.subject.dnb610 Medizin, Gesundheitde
dc.subject.gokmed 311de
dc.description.abstractengBackground: Non-invasive brain stimulation with weak direct currents (transcranial direct current stimulation, tDCS) enables the alteration of cortical activity and excitability of the human brain. It has been demonstrated that the effects of short-lasting tDCS, which induces no after-effects, depend on the activity of voltage-gated sodium and calcium channels.The aim of this study was to find out more about the neurophysiological origin of the tDCS-generated excitability changes. Methods: Depending on the stimulation protocol, the experiments were carried out in 12-20 healthy volunteers. tDCS was repetitively applied for a duration of 4 seconds. Cortico-spinal and intracortical excitability alterations were explored by transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS). Specifically, the excitability of the corticospinal core area was explored by determination of motor thresholds, the activity of larger neuronal populations by the recruitment curve, and intracortical effects by short latency intracortical inhibition, intracortical facilitation, and I-wave facilitation. Results: For the corticospinal measures, tDCS elicited no alterations of motor thresholds, but anodal tDCS increased trendwise the slope of the recruitment curve, while cathodal tDCS diminished it. Significant changes of intracortical excitability were only revealed during cathodal tDCS at an interstimulus interval of 15 ms, showing reduced intracortical facilitation. Conclusion: tDCS affects corticospinal excitability, as shown by its impact on the recruitment curves. The diminution of intracortical facilitation during cathodal stimulation is might be caused by an additional alteration of NMDA receptors. The missing effects of tDCS on I-wave-activity and other parameters of intracortical facilitation and inhibition, which are all based on GABAergic und glutamatergic mechanisms, confirms the concept that the primary effects of tDCS are changes in membrane polarizationde
dc.contributor.coRefereeBrockmann, Knut Prof. Dr.de
dc.subject.topicMedicinede
dc.subject.gerTranskranielle Gleichstromstimulationde
dc.subject.gertDCSde
dc.subject.gerTMSde
dc.subject.gerkortikale Erregbarkeitde
dc.subject.gerMotorische Schwellende
dc.subject.gerInput-ouput-Kurvede
dc.subject.gerI-wavesde
dc.subject.gerInhibitionde
dc.subject.gerFazilitierungde
dc.subject.engWeak direct current stimulationde
dc.subject.engtDCSde
dc.subject.engTMSde
dc.subject.engcortical excitabiltyde
dc.subject.engmotor thresholdsde
dc.subject.enginput output curvede
dc.subject.engi-wavesde
dc.subject.enginhibitionde
dc.subject.engfacilitationde
dc.subject.bk44.97de
dc.subject.bk44.37de
dc.subject.bk44.90de
dc.identifier.urnurn:nbn:de:gbv:7-webdoc-3614-0de
dc.identifier.purlwebdoc-3614de
dc.affiliation.instituteMedizinische Fakultätde
dc.identifier.ppn728919648de


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