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Induktion der Knochenneubildung durch Implantation von mit rhBMP-2 und VEGF beladenen Polylaktidträgern im ektopen Tiermodell

Ectopic bone formation after implantation of carriers of polylactic acid loaded with rhBMP-2 and VEGF

von Jan Goldstein
Dissertation
Datum der mündl. Prüfung:2017-01-24
Erschienen:2016-12-21
Betreuer:Prof. Dr. Dr. Henning Schliephake
Gutachter:Prof. Dr. Nicolai Miosge
Gutachter:Prof. Dr. Martin Oppermann
crossref-logoZum Verlinken/Zitieren: http://dx.doi.org/10.53846/goediss-6031

 

 

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Zusammenfassung

Englisch

The reconstruction of the facial skeleton after surgical treatment is one of the key procedures in oral and maxillofacial surgery. In this context gold standard is the use of autogenous bone grafts to replace lost tissue parts aiming at a complete reconstruction of the original state. Because of the fact that these procedures can be associated with lots of complications and mean additional stress for the patient, new ways to repair defects of bone without the use of autogenous bone grafts are being developed. In the field of tissue engineering a promising approach is the use of growth factors. rhBMP-2 has proved to be an effective growth factor for the regeneration of bone tissue. Many studies have focused on finding the right dosage of growth factor and the right material as carrier accomplishing delivery of rhBMP-2. The aim of the present study was to find out, if the amount of rhBMP-2 used could be reduced through the simultaneous delivery of the growth factors rhBMP-2 and VEGF and on the other hand if this simultaneous delivery led to an enhanced ectopic bone formation. Finally the intent was to figure out, if the incorporation of the growth factors into the carrier of polylactic acid through the process of gas foaming had a positive effect on the ectopic bone formation. In order to achieve this aim carriers of polylactic acid modified with calcium carbonate were implanted into the gluteal muscle of male wistar rats. The carriers of polylactic acid were fabricated by the process of gas foaming and were loaded only with rhBMP-2 (3 concentrations), only with VEGF (3 concentrations) or with a combination of rhBMP-2 and VEGF (4 combinations of concentrations). After definite intervalls (4 and 13 weeks) the implants with the surrounding tissue were retrieved. New bone formation was assessed by computer-assisted morphometry. The results showed that it is possible to induce ectopic bone formation in rats by the simultaneous application of VEGF and rhBMP-2. However, a positive effect of VEGF on the ectopic bone formation during the observed intervall could not be seen. Thus the dosage of rhBMP-2 could not be reduced through the additional application of VEGF. Moreover the results suggest that the modification of the carriers of polylactic acid with calcium carbonate lead to a more undisturbed new bone formation in comparison to former studies. In addition the incorporation of the growth factors into the polylactic acid material via gas foaming seems to have the effect of a controlled ectopic bone formation staying in the boundaries of the implant. In conclusion, it is possible to induce ectopic bone formation through the simultaneous application of VEGF and rhBMP-2 in rats. In this context the material of the carrier with its specific characteristics and its type of loading with growth factors is of great importance. In the future the effects of rhBMP-2 and other growth factors enhancing bone regeneration should be explored to be capable of inducing new bone formation in a more effective way.
Keywords: Ectopic bone formation; tissue engineering; polylactic acid; VEGF; rhBMP-2
Schlagwörter: Knochenneubildung; ektop; Polylaktidträger; Tissue Engineering; rhBMP-2; VEGF
 

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