Wiederholte Anti-CEA-Radioimmuntherapie mit 131I-Labetuzumab nach Resektion kolorektaler Lebermetastasen - Ergebnisse einer monozentrischen Phase I/II-Studie
Repeated anti-CEA radioimmunotherapy with 131I-Labetuzumab after resection of colorectal liver metastases - results of a monocentric phase-I/-II study
by Martin Walter Niessner
Date of Examination:2018-03-21
Date of issue:2018-03-19
Advisor:Prof. Dr. Torsten Liersch
Referee:Prof. Dr. Detlef Haase
Referee:Prof. Dr. Margarete Schön
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Description:Dissertation
Abstract
English
Background: A previous phase-I/-II trial has shown that a single administration of anti-CEA 131iodine(I)-Labetuzumab as a radioimmunotherapy (RAIT) after resection of colorectal liver metastases (CRC-LM) was well-tolerated and improved overall survival (OS) compared to a contemporaneous control group. This doctoral thesis demonstrates the results of a further phase-I/-II trial, which examined the safety, feasibility, efficacy and long-term survival of repeated RAIT after resection of CRC-LM in the same setting. Patients and methods: Sixty-three patients (median age 64.5 years, 33% women, 67% men) received RAIT with 40 - 50 mCi/m2 131I-Labetuzumab per dose. Restaging with CT/MRI and FDG-PET scans was performed prior to each RAIT. Patients with elevated serum CEA-levels or inconclusive lesions received RAIT, but were classified as a potentially non-adjuvant treatment group (PNAT group), whereas those found to be free of recurrence were considered to be truly adjuvant (TAT group). Time to progression (TTP), overall survival (OS), and cancer-specific survival (CSS) were calculated. The median follow-up was 54 months (range 6 - 106 months, last day of observation: March-14-2014). RESULTS After the first RAIT, 14 of 63 patients experienced acute hematologic toxicity NCI-CTC grade 4. Nineteen patients did not receive the second RAIT due to impaired performance status (n=5), or metastatic relapse of CRC (n=14). Six additional patients experienced limited metastatic recurrence but received the second cycle of RAIT after complete re-resection of cancer metastases. Nine of 44 patients experienced acute hematologic toxicity NCI-CTC grade 4 after this second RAIT. During follow-up of 54 months, 5 patients developed a myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) during 22 to 55 months after last RAIT. Four of these patients with high risk secondary MDS (HRS-MDS), defined according to the revised International Prognostic Scoring System (IPSS-R), have died within 1 to 11 months after diagnosis of MDS. The fifth patient with HRS-MDS (high IPSS-risk score) was alive at last date of observation, 57 months after diagnosis of MDS. The median TTP, OS and CSS for all patients were 16 months [95%CI: 8.6 - 60.3 months], 55 months [95%CI: 41.1 - not reached (NR) months] and 76 months [95%CI: 45.7 - NR months], respectively. The truly adjuvant patients (TAT, n = 39) had an improved median TTP (NR vs. 6.1 months, HR 0.12, p < 0.001), OS (75.6 vs. 33.4 months, HR 0.44, p = 0.014) and CSS (NR vs. 41.4 months, HR 0.32, p = 0.003) compared to potentially non-adjuvant patients (PNAT, n = 24). Conclusion: Repeated RAIT with 131I-Labetuzumab is safe and feasible, but associated with acute and long-term hematotoxicity. For further RAIT trials a single dose of 40-50 mCi/m2 I-Labetuzumab is recommended. However, long-term survival is very encouraging, in particular for patients deemed truly adjuvant (TAT group).
Keywords: Radioimmuntherapie