Prävalenz von Allgemeinerkrankungen bei diagnostizierten Craniomandibulären Dysfunktionen – eine Fall-Kontroll-Studie
by Lisa Grebe née Grebe
Date of Examination:2023-04-20
Date of issue:2023-02-13
Advisor:Prof. Dr. Ralf Bürgers
Referee:Prof. Dr. Ralf Bürgers
Referee:Prof. Dr. Michael Hülsmann
Persistent Address:
http://dx.doi.org/10.53846/goediss-9704
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Abstract
English
Symptoms of pain-associated temporomandibular disorders (TMD) are relevant in clinical practice as they affect 2,7 – 10 % of the population. Based on the biophychosocial model, the etiology is accepted as multifactorial but not yet conclusively researched. Previous studies suggest that there might be a link between systemic diseases and TMD. Based on this hypothesis the aim of the present study was to investigate whether certain general diseases (such as allergies, cardiovascular diseases, neuronal diseases, rheumatic diseases and thyroid diseases) are potential risk factors for TMD. A case control study was conducted for this purpose. The study group (TMD, n = 350) was compared to two matched (by gender and age) control groups (periodontitis, n = 113 and „healthy“, n = 133). Data was collected from cases undergoing treatment between 2010 and 2015 at Poliklinik für Zahnärztliche Prothetik im Zentrum Zahn-, Mund- und Kieferheilkunde of Universitätsmedizin Göttingen. The medical history was evaluated to identify potential risk factors for TMD. Analysis of the study group data revealed a predominance of female gender (80.3%) with a mean age of 49.79 years. The most common diagnosis according to the Research Diagnostic Criteria for Temporomandibular Disorders was myofascial pain, followed by anterior disc displacement and other temporomandibular disorders. Study participants diagnosed with arthralgia were significantly younger than study participants diagnosed with arthritis. The results of the group comparisons showed a significantly higher prevalence of allergies and thyroid disease in the study group than in the control groups. Both control groups had a lower risk of allergies and thyroid disease compared to the study group. Control group I had a lower risk of cardiovascular disease and rheumatic disease compared to the study group. Limitations were that no periodontal record was collected for the study group and thus the plausibility of the results for cardiovascular diseases and rheumatic diseases must be critically observed. The risk of suffering from an allergy or thyroid disease is significantly increased for the study group compared to both control groups, so that the influence of periodontal health does not limit the plausibility of the results. In agreement with previous publications, the results of the present study thus suggest that allergies and thyroid disease are risk factors for craniomandibular dysfunction. In further studies, the relationships of craniomandibular dysfunctions, allergies, and thyroid diseases should be investigated.
Keywords: TMD; Temporomandibular Disorder; Case Control Study; Risk Factor; TMD and Systemic Diseases