In-vitro- und In-vivo-Messungen der statischen und dynamischen Okklusion in der Totalprothetik
In vitro and in vivo measurements of static and dynamic occlusion of complete dentures
by Jasper David Meyer
Date of Examination:2023-03-16
Date of issue:2023-02-23
Advisor:Prof. Dr. Ralf Bürgers
Referee:Prof. Dr. Annette Wiegand
Referee:Prof. Dr. Thomas Meyer
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Abstract
English
Introduction: In reconstructive dentistry there exists the difficulty that articulators can only approximately imitate the patient's jaw relation due to the complex biomechanics. In addition, certain dimensional changes occur during the fabrication of dentures due to the material properties of the auxiliaries used (plastics, silicones, plasters, etc.). Therefore, corrections of the occlusion by the dentist are almost unavoidable during the insertion of dentures. As a rule, articulation papers, occlusion foils and bite-through registrations are used for occlusion analysis, whereby the evaluation of the marked surfaces and points is carried out subjectively by the user. Digital occlusion analysis provides more objective results of the occlusal conditions. Using the example of conventional complete dentures, the current study will examine whether quantifiable differences in occlusal analysis (digital and analogue) can be measured in vivo on the patient and in vitro in the dental laboratory. Material and methods: 20 completely edentulous subjects (10 females and 10 males) were included in the study. Their oral well-being was determined using two OHRQoL questionnaires (GOHAI and OHIP-14), bite force was measured using the FlexiForce ELF system (Tekscan Inc., Boston, USA). Furthermore, a digital occlusion analysis with the T-Scan III system (Tekscan Inc., Boston, USA) and an analogue analysis with articulation papers, occlusal foils and silicone registrations were performed. In vitro, the complete dentures including articulator were clamped in an electromechanical universal testing machine (ZwickRoell GmbH, Ulm, Germany), the measured bite force of the subjects was applied and a digital and analogue occlusion analysis was also performed. Data on the relative distribution of bite force (%), the absolute number of contact points and the contact area (mm2) were collected. The data were tested for normal distribution using the Shapiro-Wilk test and for significant differences using the Mann-Whitney U test. The Spearman rank correlation coefficient was used to examine a possible correlation between maximum bite force and oral quality of life. Results: The age of the subjects was 71.05 +/- 7.84 (median: 71.5) years, the complete dentures had 13.3 +/- 0.98 (median: 14) artificial teeth per jaw. The GOHAI-ADD averaged 52.65 +/- 7.04 (median: 54) points, the OHIP-14-ADD averaged 5.3 +/- 7.01 (median: 3) points. The maximum bite force was 49.92 +/- 31.52 (median: 39.67) N. In both digital and analogue occlusion analysis, less contact was found between the complete denture pairs in vitro than in vivo. The Shapiro Wilk test did not show a normal distribution of the data (p < 0.05). Using the Mann-Whitney U test, isolated significant differences (p < 0.05) were found for both digital and analogue occlusion control. According to the Spearman correlation coefficient, there was a low correlation (|rs| < 0.2) between bite force and the applied questionnaires. Conclusion: The present study was able to show that quantifiable and in part significant differences exist between the clinical situation in vivo and the laboratory side in vitro in the case study of the conventional complete denture - both in the digital and analogue occlusion analysis. The results obtained are comparable with the findings of the current scientific literature.
Keywords: occlusion; complete denture; T-Scan; FlexiForce ELF; articulating paper; oral health related quality of life; digital occlusion analysis; bite force