Einfluss von Zoledronat und Denosumab auf humane Zellen der osteoblastären Linie aus dem Kieferknochen anhand osteogener Marker
Influence of zoledronate and denosumab on human osteoblast lineage cells from the jawbone using osteogenic markers.
von Florian Lautenbacher
Datum der mündl. Prüfung:2023-06-21
Erschienen:2023-06-07
Betreuer:Prof. Dr. Nicolai Miosge
Gutachter:Prof. Dr. Nicolai Miosge
Gutachter:PD Dr. Dr. Philipp Kauffmann
Gutachter:Prof. Dr. Margarete Schön
Gutachter:Prof. Dr. Margarete Schön
Dateien
Name:Lautenbacher_Florian_Dissertation_ediss2.pdf
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Zusammenfassung
Englisch
Medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaw is a common complication of antiresorptive therapy. Zoledronate and denosumab are the most widely used and potent drugs for antiresorptive therapy, and at the same time are associated with the highest orally manifested complication rate. Since maxillary necrosis, depending on its severity, entails quite extensive systemic and surgical therapy, it is essential to understand the pathogenesis of this side effect. A deeper understanding will allow to develop new therapeutic approaches and to initiate possible prophylactic measures at an early stage. In this work, the influence of zoledronate and denosumab on human cells of the osteoblast lineage from the jaw bone was investigated. Cells from three patients were cultured in vitro, incubated with the above drugs, and their cellular effects were evaluated using four marker proteins. COL1, RUNX2, RANKL, and SMURF2 were first detected using immunocytochemistry and then their relative protein levels compared to an untreated control group were determined using Western blots. All proteins were detected in all the patients, confirming the osteogenic origin of the cells. A novel aspect of the in vitro effect of zoledronate and denosumab was that the cells in this work were not exposed to further osteogenic differentiation. This allowed assessment of the response of an unaffected primary cell culture to incubation with zoledronate and denosumab. The results confirmed previously conducted studies and solidified prevailing theories regarding the pathomechanism of medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaw. The key findings were an increase in relative protein levels of COL1 and a significant reduction in RUNX2 with ZOL treatment. If cells produce more COL1 for the extracellular matrix of the bone, the space for conduction pathways within Havers and Volkmann channels could be narrowed, adequate bone remodeling could be restricted, and the transport of immune cells to the inflammation focus could be impeded. A reduction of RUNX2 as a central transcription factor of osteoblast differentiation leads to a limited regenerative capacity of the bone-building cells, thus reducing the regenerative capacity of the entire bone after pathological changes. The effects of antiresorptive drugs, which actually have a positive effect on bone, can thus lead to severe bone necrosis in the region of the jaws in combination with a pathogenic colonized oral cavity.
Keywords: MRONJ; Denosumab; zoledronate; zoledronic acid; osteoblast lineage