Charakterisierung und Bedeutung extrazellulärer Vesikel im Blut von Patienten mit soliden Tumoren
Characterization and significance of extracellular vesicles in the blood of patients with solid tumors
by Bianca Obermann née Hennies
Date of Examination:2023-07-18
Date of issue:2023-07-18
Advisor:Prof. Dr. Annalen Bleckmann
Referee:Prof. Dr. Claudia Binder
Referee:Prof. Dr. Tobias Legler
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Abstract
English
The goal of the study was to analyse tumour-associated extracellular vesicles in the blood of patients with solid tumour diseases and their connection with the clinical progress of the diseases. The vesicles of 330 patients with solid tumours and two control groups were analysed, characterised and compared with two control groups. The one control group comprised of 62 healthy individuals. In the other control group were 41 individuals with a large variety of diseases, except for tumour diseases. Flow cytometry was used to analyse and characterise the extracellular vesicles and to separate them into subpopulations. The focus here was on the microvesicles: • their content; • subclassifications and • their correlation with other parameters, like blood count parameters and four tumour-associated antigens (EMMPRIN, MUC1, EGFR and EpCAM). The result of the study indicated that the amount of EMMPRIN-positive microvesicles was increased in the blood of all tumour entities. The expression of EMMPRIN-positive microvesicles was on leukocytes and thrombocytes, but there was no significant correlation between blood count parameters and the amount of EMMPRIN-positive microvesicles. Increased values of EMMPRIN-positive microvesicles referred to the existence of tumour-derived microvesicles. Flow cytometry with double staining of EMMPRIN-positive microvesicles and other tumour-associated antigens (MUC1, EGFR and EpCAM) confirmed this hypothesis. Higher levels of EMMPRIN-positive microvesicles correlated significantly with poor overall survival. MUC1, EGFR and EpCAM were prognostic only in specific tumour groups. Combining all four tumour-associated antigens, cancer patients were separated from healthy control groups. The goal for the future is to demonstrate the influence of extracellular vesicles on tumour entities and their direct and indirect interaction with tumour tissue and its surroundings. With this new information, extracellular vesicles can be used as specific biomarkers as well as for the diagnosis and the treatment of these specific solid tumour diseases. Simultaneously, the focus should be on the establishment of general criteria for classifications, standards, and the creation of biobanks to minimise external disturbing factors. In conclusion, the detection of tumour-derived microvesicles is possible with standard techniques, is functionally relevant and correlates with the clinical outcome of patients with these solid tumours.
Keywords: extracellular vesicles; microvesicles; EMMPRIN; tumour; exosomes; MUC1; EGFR; EpCAM