Prävalenz periimplantärer Erkrankungen bei teilbezahnten Patienten nach einer minimalen Beobachtungszeit von 14 Jahren – eine retrospektive Querschnittsstudie
von Tanja Simon geb. Koch
Datum der mündl. Prüfung:2023-11-09
Erschienen:2023-10-17
Betreuer:Prof. Dr. Sven Rinke
Gutachter:Prof. Dr. Sven Rinke
Gutachter:Prof. Dr. Michael Hülsmann
Dateien
Name:eDiss_Tanja_Simon.pdf
Size:1.88Mb
Format:PDF
Zusammenfassung
Englisch
The aim of this retrospective cross-sectional study was to determine the prevalence rates of peri-implant diseases associated with different risk factors. In this regard, data were collected from a total of 63 patients (38 female, 25 male) with a total of 175 implants, whose ages ranged from 32 to 76 years at the time of implant placement. All patients in the study population were treated with Ankylos implants (Dentsply Sirona, Bensheim, Germany) by the same dentist in a private practice between January 1999 and June 2006. Only subjects with complete documentation (medical history, periodontal status, and radiographs) after a minimum implant observation period of 14 years were included in the present study. The prevalence of peri-implant mucositis (positive bleeding findings, radiological bone loss <3mm, independent of probing depth) was 46% at the patient level and 43.8% at the implant level. The risk factor total number of implants per patient showed a significant influence on the development of peri-implant mucositis at the patient level (p=0.022). No significant correlation with any of the analyzed risk factors was found at the implant level. The prevalence of peri-implantitis (positive bleeding and/ or suppuration findings, increased probing depths compared to previous examinations, radiographic bone loss ≥3mm) was 15.9% at patient level and 12.3% at implant level. Patient-related, the total number of implants proved to be a significant risk factor for peri-implantitis (p=0.003). In terms of implants, the risk factors smoking (p=0.009) and implant position in the maxilla (p=0.019) had a significant influence on the development of peri-implantitis. A total of eight implant losses were recorded in five patients. There was a significant association between the risk factor smoking and implant survival, with smokers having an 8.8-fold increased risk of implant loss (HR=8.8, p=0.005). In addition, there was a strong tendency for the risk factor total number of implants to be associated with implant survival (HR=1.4, p=0.053). For the analyzed risk factor smoking, the survival time analysis showed a 10-year survival rate of 100% in nonsmokers compared to 87.5% in smokers and a 14-year survival rate of 89.1% in nonsmokers compared to 75% in smokers. In addition, the risk factor total number of implants showed a 10-year survival rate of 100% in patients with four implants or less compared with 96.3% in patients with more than four implants. The 14-year survival rates were 91.4% patients with a maximum of four implants compared to 81.5% in patients with more than four implants. The results of the present study are in good agreement with the findings of the previously published literature that a positive smoking status, an implant position in the maxilla and a higher total number of implants in a patient represent an increased risk for the development of peri-implantitis. The remaining analyzed risk factors of gender, age at the time of implant placement, previous periodontal disease and regular UPT/PZR participation did not represent a significant influence on disease development.
Keywords: peri-implant diseases; prevalence; dental implant; peri-implant mucositis; peri‐implantitis; cross‐sectional study