Lösliches Syndecan-1 als neuer Biomarker der Entzündung bei chronisch entzündlichen Darmerkrankungen
Soluble syndecan-1 as marker of intestinal inflammation
Doctoral thesis
Date of Examination:2024-05-14
Date of issue:2024-05-06
Advisor:Prof. Dr. Tobias Meister
Referee:Prof. Dr. Tobias Meister
Referee:Prof. Dr. Ahmad Amanzada
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Abstract
English
Chronic inflammatory bowel diseases primarily include ulcerative colitis, a continuous inflammation of the colonic mucosa and submucosa, and Crohn's disease, a discontinuous transmural inflammation which can manifest in all compartments of the intestinal tract. The aim of the present study was to evaluate soluble Syndecan-1 as a specific biomarker for the diagnosis and assessment of disease activity of chronic inflammatory bowel diseases. Syndecan-1 is a transmembrane protein consisting of heparan sulfate proteoglycans, which is mainly expressed on the intestinal epithelial cells and whose ectodomain can be released as soluble Syndecan-1 in the context of inflammation or wound healing. In this study, the amount of soluble syndecan-1 in the serum of 52 patients with chronic inflammatory bowel diseases (active disease or in remission) and from 53 healthy subjects was determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Routine clinical data, physical examination findings, laboratory parameters and endoscopic findings were collected to assess the disease activity with the Crohn's Disease Activity Index and the Mayo Score. The analysis of the data was carried out with Statistical Package for Social Sciences. Soluble Syndecan-1 was significantly increased in the 27 patients with ulcerative colitis, but decreased in the 25 patients with Crohn's disease compared to healthy subjects. Therefore, separate analyses were performed for both entities. Syndecan-1 did not significantly discriminate between patients with ulcerative colitis in remission and healthy volunteers and is therefore not suitable as a diagnostic marker. However, there was an association with the disease activity. The correlation of Syndecan-1 concentration with the entire Mayo Score was significant and Syndecan-1 differentiated between endoscopically active and inactive ulcerative colitis with an Area Under the Curve of 0.767 (95% confidence interval). The statistically optimal threshold for Syndecan-1 was 60.1 ng/ml with a sensitivity of 73% and a specificity of 94%. In multivariate analyses, however, Syndecan-1 had no significant independent predictive value. Its usefulness as a biomarker for disease activity in ulcerative colitis appears to be limited and performed worse than the established marker calprotectin. For Crohn's disease, there was no statistical association with disease activity. Major limitations of the study are the small number of patients, heterogeneous pharmacological therapies and lack of information about the localisation of the inflammatory lesions.
Keywords: sydecan-1; chronic inflammatory bowel disease; ulcerative colitis; biomarker; CD138