Untersuchungen zur Verringerung der Beizstaubfreisetzung bei Getreidesaatgut

by Christoph Friedrich Kämpfer
Doctoral thesis
Date of Examination:2024-01-31
Date of issue:2024-07-18
Advisor:Prof. Dr. Frank Beneke
Referee:Dr. Jens-Karl Wegener
Referee:Dr. Dieter von Hörsten
Referee:Prof. Dr. Oliver Hensel
Persistent Address: http://dx.doi.org/10.53846/goediss-10586

 

 

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Abstract

English

Seed treatment and especially the dressing of cereal seed is an elementary part of modern agriculture. The process is considered to be precise, but poses risks to the natural environment, non-target organisms and users due to the possible abrasion of seed dressing dust. For this reason, the aim of this work is to reduce the risk from seed dressing dust in cereal sowing. Seed treatment and pneumatic seed drills with compressed air delivery systems are the focus of attention because they are widely used in practice. The present study provides an assessment of the amount of seed treatment dust that can be expected in practice by examining samples from seed treatment systems in practice using the Heubach test. The results show that the tested seed dressing facilities are able to comply with the required limit values for seed dressing dust abrasion (Heubach value) with the tested agents. In a further step, the study examines the factors influencing dust formation and abrasion in dressed cereal seed. It is shown that the use of adhesives and prior optimal cleaning of the seed are decisive for good quality with low dust abrasion. The possibility of an active ingredient-free top coat was tested and should be investigated further in the future. As a second strand of the work, results are available on a pneumatic seeder with a compressed air delivery system. This already has a good drift reduction of more than 90 %. Nevertheless, the available data show weak points with regard to the tightness of the conveyor system, which can be eliminated with simple means as further sources of seed dressing dust drift. If the system is completely sealed, the coulter area remains as the final source of dust release, as this is where the conveying air and driftable particles are discharged together with the seed. This paper presents a test set-up for evaluating the coulter area at individual coulter level. Based on this, it can be shown that the drift risk of dust particles can be reduced with a targeted geometry adjustment of the coulter area. For this purpose, a cover of the coulters is presented that specifically deflects and slows down the air towards the ground.
Keywords: sowing mashine; dust; drift; seed
 
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