Monozentrische Evaluation des intelligenten Assistenzdienstes OPTINOFA in Bezug auf Prozess- und Qualitätsindikatoren der klinischen Notfallversorgung
by Justina Wegener née Tieck
Date of Examination:2025-10-20
Date of issue:2025-10-15
Advisor:Prof. Dr. Sabine Blaschke-Steinbrecher
Referee:Prof. Dr. Sabine Blaschke-Steinbrecher
Referee:PD Dr Reiner M. Wäschle
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Abstract
English
Currently German emergency departments are regularly affected by Overcrowding. A situation, in which the number of patients exceeds the available staff and resources. In this context the effective management of patient flow is therefore essential. In order to improve the management of patient flow between inpatient and outpatient care the project OPTINOFA („Optimierung der Notfallversorgung durch strukturierte Ersteinschätzung mittels intelligenter Assistenzdienste“) developed an eponymous software tool for the intelligent initial assessment of patients in the emergency department. The tool not only provides a recommendation regarding treatment urgency but also suggests the most appropriate sector for patient care. This represents a novelty compared to established triage tools, such as the Emergency Severity Index (ESI). In this thesis specific process and quality indicators, such as waiting time, overall length of stay in the emergency department, patient mortality and the concordance between the assessment of the two triage tools were analyzed. The evaluation was conducted monocentric in the emergency department of the Universitätsmedizin Göttingen. During the control period the patients were assessed using the established ESI tool, whereas in the intervention period both OPTINOFA and ESI assessments were performed to enable direct comparison between the individual triage levels. While ESI showed a clear overrepresentation of patients in triage level 3, OPTINOFA distributed patients more evenly across the different triage levels. An analysis of the reasons for deviation between the recommendations of the two tools during the intervention period revealed that in 57,3% of all cases, adequate care was expected to be provided in a primary care center next to the emergency department. The waiting time from triage assessment to the first physician contact was significantly reduced by 8 minutes during the intervention period. Comparison across the triage levels also revealed a significant decrease in waiting time for triage level 2 (6 min, p < 0,001), level 3 (12 min, p < 0,001) and level 4 (10 min, p < 0,001), whereas reductions in level 1 (4 min, p = 0,700 ) and level 5 (2 min, p = 0,596) were not statistically significant. The overall time spend in the emergency room decreased by 8 minutes (p = 0,190) during the intervention period, however this result was not statistically significant. A significant decrease in overall stay was observed only among patients assessed with triage level 3 (9 min, p = 0,015). Because of the limited number of events, no conclusion could be drawn regarding changes in mortality in the emergency department of the Universitätsmedizin Göttingen. This monocentric study demonstrated that the use of OPTINOFA was associated with a reduction in waiting time but showed no significant change in overall length of stay. A significant reduction in length of stay could presumably not be demonstrated, as it is influenced to a greater extent than waiting time by external factors outside the emergency department, such as inpatient bed occupancy. The comparison of both tools during the intervention period suggests that a triage system like OPTINOFA, which also recommends outpatient treatment options outside the emergency department, effectively addresses the demand in emergency care given the current patient distribution. In summary, the implementation of OPTINOFA appears to be a promising approach for improving quality indicators in emergency departments and may therefore have a positive impact on patient care.
Keywords: Triage; triage, overcrowding, emergency department