Einfluss von microRNAs auf die Sensibilität von kolorektalen Tumorzellen gegenüber einer 5-FU-basierten Radiochemotherapie
Influence of microRNA on the sensivity of colorectal cancer cells on a 5-FU-based radiochemotherapy
by Robert Hans-Joachim Templin
Date of Examination:2019-09-18
Date of issue:2019-08-29
Advisor:Prof. Dr. Jochen Gaedcke
Referee:Prof. Dr. Jochen Gaedcke
Referee:PD Dr. Markus Schirmer
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Abstract
English
The clinical course of comparable patients (same tumor stage, age, gender and comparable histopathological parameters) suffering from rectal cancer can vary widely. The range of response rates to neoadjuvant chemoradiation is very large and ranges from complete remission to extensive radiation resistance or progress of the disease under the previous therapy. In the present work it could be shown that microRNAs could play a role in this context. In a genome-wide array analysis, promising targets were identified that are significantly lower in pre-therapeutic biopsy than in the residual tumor. From a total of ten selected targets, four could be independently validated by PCR. The functional relevance could be shown in the colony-forming-unit culture assay. It was found that overexpression of the miR-1, miR-127-3p, miR-152-3p and miR-376a-3p microRNAs was associated with slightly increased resistance to chemoradiation. The biggest difference was in miR-376a-3p. Also, given the literature data, this target has probably the strongest oncogenic potential of the targets studied here attributed. In addition, after the analysis of the associated clinical pathological patient data, a rather moderate to poor response to therapy emerged. In view of the clinical benefit of these results, different approaches would be considered. Both diagnostic and therapeutic applications would be conceivable. However, this still requires further investigation. It would be interesting, for example, whether antisense oligonucleotides could actually achieve the opposite effects to the investigated targets in vitro. Also promising with regard to the further search for an adequate "prediction tool" would be In-situ -hybridizations before and after neoadjuvant chemoradiation.
Keywords: rectal cancer; microRNA; chemoradiation; miR-1; miR-127-3p; miR-152-3p; miR-376a-3p; neoadjuvant