How to Foster Prosocial Behavior?
Essays on Experimental Economics
by Maximilian Späth
Date of Examination:2021-04-16
Date of issue:2021-04-23
Advisor:Prof. Dr. Claudia Keser
Referee:Prof. Dr. Claudia Keser
Referee:Prof. Dr. Holger A. Rau
Referee:Prof. Dr. Kilian Bizer
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Abstract
English
The starting point of this dissertation is the idea that it is in the interest of society to foster prosocial behavior. Far more debatable is which strategies are suitable to promote prosocial behavior. In this thesis, I consider three measures: the implementation of a reputation system, asking agents directly to act prosocially, and a taking frame. I run laboratory experiments that are designed to deepen the understanding of the impact of these three strategies. In Study 1, which is joint work with Claudia Keser, we analyze if the fostering impact of reputation systems on prosocial behavior is mitigated by a positive bias in rating giving. In Study 2, I report on an experiment that tests the impact of a repetition of donation requests. In Study 3, which is joint work with Claudia Keser, we study the interaction between a taking frame and information about the receiving charity. I find that the positive impact of the three measures (reputation systems, donation requests, and the taking frame) on prosocial behavior is to some extent robust. Even a distorted reputation system yields substantial trust and trustworthiness. Repeating donation requests leads to some slight increase in charitable giving, especially driven by those who like to donate repeatedly. The taking frame has a positive impact on donations, even when extensive information about the recipient is provided. Nevertheless, market designers, fundraisers, and policy makers should carefully consider the institutional environment within which the strategies are applied when forming their expectation about the impact of the measures on prosocial behavior.
Keywords: Experiment, Trust, Trustworthiness, Reputation System, Charitable Giving, Repeated Request, Ask Avoidance, Information, Giving, Taking