Processing referential expressions in German Sign Language
von Anne Wienholz
Datum der mündl. Prüfung:2018-03-12
Erschienen:2021-05-17
Betreuer:Prof. Dr. Markus Steinbach
Gutachter:Prof. Dr. Markus Steinbach
Gutachter:Prof. Dr. Nivedita Mani
Gutachter:Dr. Annika Herrmann
Dateien
Name:DissWienholz.pdf
Size:3.51Mb
Format:PDF
Zusammenfassung
Englisch
In sign languages, physically absent discourse referents are assigned manually and/or nonmanually to referential locations on the horizontal plane of the signing space. These locations can be used to refer back to the associated referent in the subsequent discourse by establishing a referential relation between the referent and a referential expression that can take various forms. This dissertation examines the processing of referential expressions in German Sign Language and the factors influencing these processing mechanisms by using two different experimental techniques. Chapter 1 investigated the presence of a default pattern during the assignment of discourse referents to referential locations applying in the absence of overt localization cues. This pattern suggests that right-handed signers associate the first mentioned referent with the ipsilateral (right) while assigning the second referent to the contralateral (left) area of the signing space. Event-related potential (ERP) data provide evidence for the proposed pattern and supports the claim that signers assign distinct and contrastive referential locations to two different discourse referents. Additionally, ERP data presented in Chapter 2 suggest a first mention (subject) preference used to resolve the reference relations of pronominal pointing signs. Moreover, these data support the first mention (subject) preference to be a modality- independent mechanism. In an eye tracking study using the Visual World Paradigm, Chapter 3 investigates whether overt localization of a discourse referent leads to facilitation during the processing of a co-referential expression, i.e., a bare noun in this case, in subsequent discourse. Results indicate that localization increases the prominence and hence the accessibility of a referent leading to easier processing of its co-referential expression, but only if this referent occurs in the subject position. This suggests that the effects of overt localization and a first mention (subject) preference interact during the processing of referential expressions. Since the eye tracking method in combination with the Visual World Paradigm was only used rarely in previous studies in sign languages, Chapter 4 presents another eye tracking study testing the appropriateness of the experimental setting during the presentation of naturally signed sentences. Therefore, the study examines whether a phonological priming effect can be observed in natural sentences using this setting and whether effects differ based on the phonological relation of prime-target sign pairs embedded in the sentences. Results provide evidence that phonological parameters affect processing differently such that sign recognition is facilitated for signs sharing the same handshape parameter, but is slowed down when sharing the same location parameter. This study suggests that sub-lexical features influence sign recognition, but more importantly, it proves that this experimental setting can be used to investigate sign language processing.
Keywords: Linguistics; Psycholinguistics; Sign languages; event-related potentials; eye tracking; language processing; anaphora; semantic mismatch; phonological priming