Floods in Southeast Asia: A Household Welfare Priority
by Thi Ngoc Tu Le
Date of Examination:2019-02-15
Date of issue:2019-05-29
Advisor:Prof. Dr. Sebastian Vollmer
Referee:Prof. Dr. Stephan Klasen
Referee:Prof.Dr. Van Cuong Le
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Abstract
English
The dissertation focuses on floods in Vietnam and Thailand using a long-time measurement of household welfare, combined with an external flood indicator, which is a measure of local inundation by using satellite floodwater images provided by NASA, the MODIS Near Real Time Global Flood Water (MFW). Linking these data sources allows us to estimate the impact of varying flooding intensities on an array of household welfare outcomes in a panel regression setup. The range of the effects of flood on health at both individual level and household level are examined in Chapter 1. The results show that floods create a burden on human health. Individuals face an increased likelihood of contracting serious disease, experiencing general sick-health, and being underweight if floodwater in their villages is increasing. Floods also cause a financial cost for households with an increased expenditure per capita. The findings from an analysis of coping strategies show a fact that the effects of floods on human health are difficult to cope with; we do not find any effective coping strategy dealing with flood-related health. The findings in Chapter 2 show both negative and positive effects of floods on agriculture. While floods increase expenditures and reduce incomes, they can also increase rice productivity. This chapter also sheds light on the concept of vulnerability; suggesting that, a group of people become more vulnerable when we measure outcomes with monetary values, but not if we solely measure outcomes by quantity. Chapter 3 presents compelling evidence that floods inflict a wide range of negative effects upon household welfare. Flooding reduces household incomes dependent on natural sources, pushing farmers out of the fields to seek extra income from non-agricultural activities. Moreover, floods increase all categories of household consumption. All these results are reaffirmed by the finding of a lower household subjective wellbeing score. The key contribution of this PhD dissertation is that we have completed a previously puzzling picture of the effects of flood on household welfare.
Keywords: Flood impacts; Health impacts; Agriculture impacts; Welfare impacts; Income impacts; Consumption impacts; Geographic Information System GIS; MODIS images; Subjective wellbeing impacts