Gruppenleistung und Gruppenlernen bei der Steuerung dynamischer Systeme

Group performance and group learning at dynamic system control tasks

by Sylvana Drewes
Doctoral thesis
Date of Examination:2013-05-28
Date of issue:2013-12-13
Advisor:Prof. Dr. Stefan Schulz-Hardt
Referee:Prof. Dr. Stefan Schulz-Hardt
Referee:Prof. Dr. Margarete Boos
Persistent Address: http://dx.doi.org/10.53846/goediss-4283

 

 

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Abstract

English

Proper management of dynamic systems (e.g. cooling systems of nuclear power plants or production and warehousing) is important to ensure public safety and economic success. So far, research has provided broad evidence for systematic shortcomings in individuals’ control performance of dynamic systems. This research aims to investigate whether groups manifest synergy (Larson, 2010) and outperform individuals and if so, what processes lead to these performance advantages. In three experiments - including simulations of a nuclear power plant and a business setting - I compare the control performance of three-person-groups to the average individual performance and to nominal groups (N = 105 groups per experiment). The nominal group condition capsures the statistical advantage of aggregated group judgments not due to social interaction. First, results show a superior performance of groups compared to individuals. Second, a meta-analysis across all three experiments shows interaction-based process gains in dynamic control tasks: Interacting groups outperform the average individual performance as well as the nominal group performance. Third, group interaction leads to stable individual improvements of group members that exceed practice effects. In sum, these results provide the first unequivocal evidence for interaction-based performance gains of groups in dynamic control tasks and imply that employers should rely on groups to provide opportunities for individual learning and to foster dynamic system control at its best.
Keywords: synergy in groups, group learning, group performance, group-to-individual transfer, dynamic system control task
Schlagwörter: Synergie, Gruppenlernen, Gruppenleistung, Group-to-Individual Transfer, dynamische Systemsteuerung
 
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