| dc.contributor.advisor | Willmann, Rainer Prof. Dr. | de |
| dc.contributor.author | Wieland, Frank | de |
| dc.date.accessioned | 2013-01-14T15:07:32Z | de |
| dc.date.available | 2013-01-30T23:50:52Z | de |
| dc.date.issued | 2012-04-05 | de |
| dc.identifier.uri | http://hdl.handle.net/11858/00-1735-0000-000D-EF52-5 | de |
| dc.identifier.uri | http://dx.doi.org/10.53846/goediss-1479 | |
| dc.description.abstract | Erstmals wurde die phylogenetische
Systematik der Gottesanbeterinnen (Mantodea) anhand einer
ausgedehnten Merkmalsmatrix von 152 morphologischen Merkmalen des
gesamten Körpers für 122 Taxa aus allen derzeitig taxonomisch
anerkannten Familien untersucht. Die Ergebnisse zu den inneren
Verwandtschaftsbeziehungen der Mantodea stimmen nur zum Teil mit
den neueren molekularbiologischen Untersuchungen überein, zum Teil
unterscheiden sie sich deutlich. Nur ein Drittel der untersuchten
Familien (Acanthopidae, Empusidae, Eremiaphilidae, Thespidae und
Toxoderidae) und Unterfamilien (Amorphoscelinae, Angelinae,
Chroicopterinae, Empusinae, Haaniinae, Hymenopodinae,
Oxypilinae,Paraoxypilinae, Perlamantinae, Toxoderinae und
Tropidomantinae) wurden als monophyletisch erkannt. Die übrigen in
der Taxonomie anerkannten Gruppierungen sind para- oder
polyphyletisch. Chaeteessa wurde als Schwestergruppe der
übrigen Mantodea bestätigt. Die zweite Dichotomie des Stammbaumes
lag hingegen zwischen Metallyticus und den übrigen
Gottesanbeterinnen, gefolgt von Mantoida. Diese
Konstellation an der Basis des Stammbaumes der Mantodea wurde
bisher nicht in Betracht gezogen. Es konnte bestätigt werden, dass
viele der morphologischen Merkmale, wie z.B. Kopffortsätze,
verbreiterte Seitenränder des Pronotums, Loben an den Laufbeinen
und am Abdomen, im Lauf der Evolution der Gruppe vielfach
unabhängig voneinander entstanden sind. Damit werden die Ergebnisse
der molekularen Untersuchungen an der Gruppe gestützt, die die
konvergente Evolution von charakteristischen | de |
| dc.format.mimetype | application/pdf | de |
| dc.language.iso | eng | de |
| dc.rights.uri | http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/ | de |
| dc.title | The phylogenetic system of Mantodea (Insecta: Dictyoptera) | de |
| dc.type | doctoralThesis | de |
| dc.title.translated | Das phylogenetische System der Mantodea (Insecta: Dictyoptera) | de |
| dc.contributor.referee | Hörnschemeyer, Thomas PD Dr. | de |
| dc.date.examination | 2010-11-03 | de |
| dc.subject.dnb | 590 Tiere (Zoologie) | de |
| dc.subject.gok | WYP 540 | de |
| dc.subject.gok | WYP 510 | de |
| dc.description.abstracteng | For the first time a large morphological
dataset, comprising 152 morphological characters for 122 taxa of
all recognized families of the group, has been used to reconstruct
the phylogeny of the praying mantises (Mantodea). The intraordinal
relationships found were only partially similar to the results of
earlier molecular studies, in many cases they differed
considerably. Only a third of the families (Acanthopidae,
Empusidae, Eremiaphilidae, Thespidae, and Toxoderidae) and
subfamilies (Amorphoscelinae, Angelinae, Chroicopterinae,
Empusinae, Haaniinae, Hymenopodinae, Oxypilinae, Paraoxypilinae,
Perlamantinae, Toxoderinae, and Tropidomantinae) studied were
recovered monophyletic. The remaining families and subfamilies
recognized by traditional taxonomy were found to be para- or
polyphyletic. Chaeteessa was recovered to be the sistergroup
of all remaining Mantodea. The second dichotomy of the phylogenetic
tree was found between Metallyticus and the remaining
mantises, followed by Mantoida. These phylogenetic
relationships at the base of the phylogenetic tree of Mantodea were
previously not found. The present study was able to show that many
morphological characters, e.g. the head processes, enlarged lateral
lobes of the pronotum, lobes on the legs and on the abdomen,
evolved convergently several times during the evolution of the
group. This corroborates the findings of the molecular studies
which indicate that characteristic ecomorphs evolved independently
in Mantodea. Apart from the discussion of the individual
morphological characters, several characteristic character
complexes were reconsidered and discussed in detail. The
metathoracic hearing organ ("cyclopean ear") may have evolved
several times. The study of first instar nymphs of
Metallyticus led to the finding that discoidal spines are
present in this genus and even persist in adult specimens. A
detailed study of the raptorial legs of Chaeteessa showed
that the tibial spur is not missing primarily but my have been
secondarily reduced. Both results contradict doctrines that have
been postulated for about 150 years. The study of digging devices
of female Mantodea from arid habitats indicated that these
structures evolved at least four times independently, most likely
as an adaptation to living in desert-like habitats. | de |
| dc.contributor.coReferee | Bergmeier, Erwin Prof. Dr. | de |
| dc.contributor.thirdReferee | Hoppert, Michael PD Dr. | de |
| dc.subject.topic | Biology (incl. Psychology) | de |
| dc.subject.ger | Mantodea | de |
| dc.subject.ger | Gottesanbeterinnen | de |
| dc.subject.ger | Morphologie | de |
| dc.subject.ger | Systematik | de |
| dc.subject.ger | Phylogenie | de |
| dc.subject.ger | Insekten | de |
| dc.subject.eng | Mantodea | de |
| dc.subject.eng | praying mantises | de |
| dc.subject.eng | morphology | de |
| dc.subject.eng | systematics | de |
| dc.subject.eng | phylogeny | de |
| dc.subject.bk | 42.69 | de |
| dc.subject.bk | 42.75 | de |
| dc.identifier.urn | urn:nbn:de:gbv:7-webdoc-3454-1 | de |
| dc.identifier.purl | webdoc-3454 | de |
| dc.affiliation.institute | Biologische Fakultät | de |
| dc.identifier.ppn | 72219644X | de |