Dokumente GGNB - Göttinger Graduiertenzentrum für Neurowissenschaften, Biophysik und molekulare Biowissenschaften nach Gutachter "Ficner, Ralf Prof. Dr."
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Regulation of human 48S initiation complex formation
(2024-04-23)During the initiation phase of protein synthesis in humans, the small ribosome subunit interacts with initiator tRNA (tRNAi) and at least ten different initiation factors (eIFs) to form the initiation complex. The initiation ... -
Structural and functional investigation of tRNA guanine transglycosylase
(2023-11-17)In this thesis, two novel structures were presented, jointly illuminating dimerization and tRNA binding by human TGT. A first structure, obtained by X-ray crystallography, allowed to give a thorough account of the atomic ... -
Validation of novel protein-protein interactions in Bacillus subtilis
(2023-01-12)Protein-protein interactions are the basis for many biological processes in the cell. Understanding these interactions is crucial for the general analysis of how the cell functions and the potential identification of ... -
Functional and Structural Characterization of the DEAH-box Helicase Prp43
(2022-11-24)RNA helicases of the DEAH-box family fulfill essential functions in various aspects of RNA metabolism by reorganizing structured RNAs and RNPs through ATP-dependent motility in 3’ to 5’ direction along single-strands. Prp43 ... -
The role of GTPases in human mitochondrial ribosome biogenesis
(2022-05-03)Mitochondria are essential organelles of eukaryotic cells, which produce the vast majority of the cellular ATP via oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS). The mitochondrial gene expression machinery contributes to the formation ... -
Structural and functional characterisation of tRNA modifying enzymes
(2021-09-10)Posttranscriptional and posttranslational modifications are key regulatory mechanisms to expand biological properties of proteins and nucleic acids in living cells. A tremendous number of chemical modifications is found ... -
Characterization of Acyltransferases in Neutral Lipid Synthesis
(2021-04-23)Wax ester (WE) are neutral lipids, which consist of a fatty acid and a fatty alcohol moiety connected by an ester bond. WE are synthesized via two reactions from acyl-coenzyme A (CoA)/acyl carrier protein (ACP) substrates. ... -
Investigation of DNA in Cell Nuclei by Combined Imaging Techniques
(2021-03-31)Biological cells are the basic structural and functional units of all organisms. There are approximately 60 trillion eukaryotic cells within a human body alone. A common feature among eukaryotic cells is the nucleus, a ... -
Molecular insights into the roles of RNA helicases during large ribosomal subunit assembly
(2021-02-25)RNA helicases are enzymes present in all domains of life that are important in many aspects of RNA metabolism. They harbor a conserved helicase core that uses the energy of NTP binding and hydrolysis to change affinity to ... -
Signal transduction by the essential nucleotide second messenger cyclic di-AMP in Bacillus subtilis
(2021-01-15)Bacillus subtilis, as a soil inhabitant, has to adapt to rapidly changing osmotic conditions. The response to these osmotic changes represents one of the most critical issues in the lifecyle of bacteria, and the tight ... -
Recoding of bacteriophage T4 gene 60 mRNA by programmed translational bypassing
(2020-07-28)During synthesis of a topoisomerase subunit encoded by the gene 60 of bacteriophage T4, the ribosome takes off from a certain codon, slides over a 50-nt non-coding segment of mRNA and resumes translation on a specific ... -
Structure Based Search for Novel Nuclear Export Inhibiting Anti-Tumor Drugs
(2020-07-28)The intracellular distribution of proteins and ribonucleoproteins is a fundamental process in all eukaryotes that is critically vital for the normal functionality of the eukaryotic cell. In the last decades, it has been ... -
Influence of Ions on the Assembly of Vimentin Intermediate Filaments
(2020-07-10)The human body consists of many different cell types, which all exhibit a cytoskeleton. This cytoskeleton is mainly composed of three different types of protein filaments, as well as cross-linkers and motor proteins. The ... -
Investigation of the effects of the splicing inhibitor Pladienolide B and cancer-related mutations in the SF3b1 protein on pre-mRNA splicing in vitro
(2020-06-11)Pre-mRNA splicing is catalyzed by the spliceosome. A highly dynamic, macromolecular RNP complex is formed out of the U1, U2, U4, U5 and U6 snRNPs and multiple snRNP proteins. During the early stages of spliceosome assembly, ... -
The roles of RNA helicases and other ribosome biogenesis factors during small subunit maturation
(2020-05-29)RNA helicases are a highly conserved family of proteins that act as RNA-dependent NTPases. These proteins contain a conserved helicase core consisting of two RecA-like domains that are responsible for unwinding or annealing ... -
Biophysical and Crystallographic Characterization of Spliceosomal DExD/H-box ATPases
(2020-04-23)DEAH-box ATPases play a vital role in the activation, catalytic and disassembly steps of the spliceosome. They are key for the orchestration of conformational and compositional rearrangements during the splicing cycle. It ... -
New sample preparation techniques of macromolecular complexes for high resolution structure determination using cryo-EM
(2020-04-07)Fatty acids are one of the most abundant lipids in the cell. Cells use them to build biological membranes, as energy reserves and as signaling molecules. Fatty acids are synthesized by a specialized protein machinery called ... -
Functional analyses of RNA helicases in human ribosome biogenesis
(2019-10-30)Eukaryotic ribosomes are essential ribonucleoprotein (RNP) complexes consisting of four ribosomal RNAs (18S, 5S, 5.8S, 28S/25S) and approximately 80 ribosomal proteins, which are required for the process of translating the ... -
The Role of EF-G in Translational Reading Frame Maintenance on the Ribosome
(2019-09-10)Translation of an mRNA by the ribosome is the final step of gene expression. During translation initiation, the ribosome establishes the mRNA reading frame with the help of initiator tRNA binding to the start codon. This ... -
A protein in search of a function: The c-di-AMP-binding protein DarA of Bacillus subtilis
(2019-07-26)Adaptation to changing environmental conditions is crucial for any organism to thrive in nature. Bacteria like the Gram-positive model organism Bacillus subtilis have evolved so-called second messengers to facilitate ...