The establishment of a recombinant system for Papiine alphaherpesvirus 2
von Abdul Rahman Siregar
Datum der mündl. Prüfung:2022-04-20
Erschienen:2022-05-10
Betreuer:Prof. Dr. Stefan Pöhlmann
Gutachter:Prof. Dr. Stefan Pöhlmann
Gutachter:PD Dr. Michael Winkler
Gutachter:Prof. Dr. Lutz Walter
Dateien
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Zusammenfassung
Englisch
Simplexviruses of primates are closely related neurotropic herpesviruses that establish lifelong latent infections. While neuropathogenic infections are uncommon in their respective natural hosts, zoonotic transmission of Macacine alphaherpesvirus 1 (McHV-1, Herpes B virus) from macaques to humans is associated with severe encephalitis and high fatality rates. The closely related Cercopithecine alphaherpesvirus 2 (CeHV-2) and Papiine alphaherpesvirus 2 (PaHV-2) have not been reported to be pathogenic in humans. The reasons underlying the differential pathogenicity are unclear, in part due to a lack of recombinant systems which allows analysis of mutant viruses. The goal of this thesis was to generate a recombinant system for PaHV-2. For the generation of recombinant PaHV-2 a combination of fosmid- and transformation associated recombination (TAR)-based cloning approaches was employed. Restriction digest indicated that the genome of the recombinant PaHV2 was intact and the recombinant virus replicated with the same efficiency as uncloned virus in the cell line Vero76. In order to study the viral cell tropism and neutralization sensitivity, recombineering was applied to generate viruses carrying reporter genes. These studies revealed that PaHV2 but not the closely related CeHV-2 replicated efficiently in macaque cell lines. Sera from adult hamahydras baboons inhibited PaHV-2 infection while sera from infant animals (<1 year) did not, suggesting that primary infection occurs after the first year of life. Finally, PaHV-2 was sensitive to the antivirals acyclovir, ganciclovir and cidofovir, but not foscarnet, in line with published work. In summary, the first recombinant system for PaHV-2 was developed in the present study and will be instrumental for the identification of pathogenicity determinants of primate simplex viruses.
Keywords: herpesvirus; Papiine alphaherpesvirus 2; fosmid; transformation-associated recombination; recombineering; reporter virus; cell susceptibility; antiviral; neutralization; cell susceptibility; antiviral; neutralization; Gaussia luciferase