Introduction: Erythropoietin (Epo), a hematopoietic growth factor, has long been observed to improve cognition but this effect was attributed to the increase in hemoglobin levels. Even after ...

Cognitive deficits and impairments of higher brain functions are the most burdening features in various neuropsychiatric disorders (e.g. Elvevag and Goldberg, 2000). Up to now, there are ...