Browsing GGNB - Göttinger Graduiertenzentrum für Neurowissenschaften, Biophysik und molekulare Biowissenschaften by Referee "Tittmann, Kai Prof. Dr."
Now showing items 1-20 of 54
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Role of internal mRNA modifications in modulating translation elongation
(2024-09-26)Translation is a highly regulated process that defines the composition of the cellular proteome. Numerous mechanisms are known to fine-tune the translational output at different cellular conditions. Recently, a new regulatory ... -
Regulation of the Hrd1 Ubiquitin ligase during protein degradation at the endoplasmic reticulum
(2024-05-16)Misfolded or redundant proteins of the endoplasmic reticulum are degraded via ER associated degradation: They are recognized, undergo a retrotranslocation into the cytosol, become ubiquitinated, are extracted from the ... -
New redox-switches in proteins
(2024-04-26)Regulation of cellular pathways in response to the redox state of a cell is an important regulatory process. A well-established paradigm of redox-sensing is disulfide formation between two cysteine residues and cysteine ... -
Mechanistic and structural characterization of human L-asparaginases
(2024-04-04)L-asparaginases are therapeutic proteins against acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (ALL), especially in children. As lymphoblastic cells depend on L-asparagine in the blood serum, its depletion by L-asparaginases leads to ... -
Structural and biochemical studies on chromatin-protein complexes in transcription initiation
(2024-04-02)Gene expression is an essential process in the cell for the development and homeostasis of any organism. The eukaryotic genome is tightly packed with nucleosomes, the basic unit of chromatin, which protects DNA integrity. ... -
Elongation factor P: mechanism of action and opportunities for drug design
(2023-07-24)EF-P is a conserved protein that has shape similarity to the tRNAs and binds to the E site of the ribosome. EF-P enhances the rate of peptide bond formation during the synthesis of polyPro sequences. In E. coli one third ... -
Release of a Natural mRNA During Recycling of the Prokaryotic Ribosome
(2023-06-20)Ribosome recycling is the last step of the bacterial translation cycle. The release of the peptide leaves a 70S ribosome with a deacylated tRNA in the P site and the stop codon of the mRNA in the A site. The combined action ... -
Cotranslational folding of HemK C-terminal domain
(2023-03-17)The correct folding of proteins is essential for the survival of the cell. Despite the importance of the question, it remains largely unclear how proteins, in particular large multidomain proteins with mixed α-helical and ... -
Structural and Functional Investigations of Transmembrane Signaling Histidine Kinase Using NMR
(2022-11-04)Membrane proteins play a central role in biology as the gatekeepers of all cellular compartments. And transmembrane signaling through membrane bound kinases is a particularly important process for cellular adaptation to a ... -
Co-translational processing and membrane insertion of proteins in bacteria
(2022-11-04)Protein biogenesis entails the synthesis of polypeptides on the ribosome, their co- and post-translational maturation, folding, and, in the case of membrane proteins, insertion into the lipid bilayer. Bacterial proteins ... -
Exploring the human Hsp70-Hop-Hsp90 system for Tau recognition
(2022-03-22)Molecular chaperones are diligent helpers of the cell that ensure a well-balanced proteome by regulating protein production, protein folding, refolding and holding as well as protein degradation. In doing so, molecular ... -
Purification of organellar macromolecular complexes for structural biology
(2022-03-14)Photosynthesis is the source of life on Earth. In oxygenic photosynthesis, water and carbon dioxide are converted into organic matter using of solar energy that results in the release of oxygen. PSII, a supra-molecular ... -
Structural Insights into Early Spliceosome Assembly by cryo-EM
(2021-12-23)In eukaryotes, splicing is a process during which the non-coding introns of the pre-messenger RNA (pre-mRNA) are removed, and the protein-coding exons are ligated. The introns are defined by conserved 5' splice site (5'SS), ... -
Structural investigation of functional nucleic acids
(2021-06-30)DNA enzymes, also known as deoxyribozymes, are synthetic single-stranded DNA molecules able to catalyze chemical reactions. There are two main reasons for studying deoxyribozymes: their practical value in various applications, ... -
Effects of arginine derivatives and oligopeptides on the physical properties of model membranes
(2021-02-16)Cell-penetrating peptides (CPPs) are often rich in arginine. They are able to cross cell membranes and carry other molecules into cells without being cytotoxic. The mechanisms by which they accomplish this are still ... -
Kinetic Analysis of Mammalian Translation Initiation
(2021-01-22)During translation initiation in mammalian cells, 80S ribosomes are assembled at the translation start site on mRNA via a cap-dependent scanning mechanism. The formation of the 80S initiation complex (IC) is essential for ... -
Recoding of bacteriophage T4 gene 60 mRNA by programmed translational bypassing
(2020-07-28)During synthesis of a topoisomerase subunit encoded by the gene 60 of bacteriophage T4, the ribosome takes off from a certain codon, slides over a 50-nt non-coding segment of mRNA and resumes translation on a specific ... -
Mechanism of Ribosome Rescue by Alternative Release Factor B
(2020-07-09)Rescue of ribosomes stalled on non-stop mRNAs is essential in bacteria and in the mitochondria of all eukaryotes. The lack of a stop codon causes ribosomes to stall at the 3’ end of mRNA with an empty A site, and specialized ... -
Monitoring dynamics of protein nascent chain on the ribosome using PET-FCS
(2020-06-24)The ribosome synthesizes proteins according to the sequence of the messenger RNA (mRNA) by progressively adding amino acids to the C-terminus of the nascent peptide. For a protein to become fully functional, it has to fold ... -
New sample preparation techniques of macromolecular complexes for high resolution structure determination using cryo-EM
(2020-04-07)Fatty acids are one of the most abundant lipids in the cell. Cells use them to build biological membranes, as energy reserves and as signaling molecules. Fatty acids are synthesized by a specialized protein machinery called ...